The Science Library

How cell and exosome biologics are made, measured and documented, written for licensed practitioners who want to evaluate a supplier on evidence.

Last updated October 7, 2026For licensed medical professionals4 peer-reviewed and regulatory sources

In short

The Science Library explains the manufacturing and testing behind biologics: 3D bioreactor culture, population doublings and passages, why umbilical cord tissue is used as an MSC source, and how exosomes are produced and counted. Every page cites peer-reviewed or regulatory sources and ends with the questions to ask any supplier.

Start with a topic

01 · 3D Bioreactor CultureHow 3D culture differs from flat flasks, and what the published yield data show.Read →02 · Population Doublings & PassagesHow cell age is measured during expansion and why it belongs on the paperwork.Read →03 · Why Umbilical Cord Tissue?Cord anatomy, donation, isolation and how cord tissue compares with other MSC sources.Read →04 · Exosomes & EVsWhat extracellular vesicles are, where they come from, and how they are separated and counted.Read →05 · Biologics GlossaryPlain definitions for the terms on COAs and spec sheets.Read →

Standards and documentation

Quality & TestingRelease testing behind every lot.Open →Documentation & COAsHow to read and request lot paperwork.Open →Medical DirectorMedical oversight at Stem Nova Network.Open →

How these pages are written

  • Process, not promises. We write about how products are made and measured, not what they do in the body.
  • Cited. Every factual claim about culture, sourcing or measurement links to a peer-reviewed paper or regulation.
  • Practical. Each page ends with questions you can put to any supplier, including us.
  • Dated. Pages show a last-updated date and are revised as guidance changes.

Frequently asked questions

Who is the Science Library for?

Licensed medical professionals (MD, DO, NP, PA) evaluating cell and exosome suppliers, and their teams.

Do these pages make claims about patient results?

No. They cover manufacturing, characterization and sourcing. Exosome products are topical cosmetic products; hUCT-MSC products are individualized and not FDA-approved.

Where can I see lot documentation?

See Documentation & COAs, or contact our team to request a lot's paperwork.

References

  1. Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, et al. Cytotherapy. 2006;8(4):315-317. doi:10.1080/14653240600855905. Cited for: ISCT minimal criteria for defining MSCs.
  2. Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O'Driscoll L, et al. J Extracell Vesicles. 2024;13(2):e12404 (MISEV2023). doi:10.1002/jev2.12404. Cited for: EV nomenclature and characterization guidance.
  3. Wagner W, Horn P, Castoldi M, et al. PLoS One. 2008;3(5):e2213. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002213. Cited for: replicative senescence across passages.
  4. U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Part 1271: Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products. eCFR. Cited for: cGTP and donor eligibility requirements.

Citations support manufacturing, characterization and sourcing facts only. They are not claims about any Stem Nova product's effect in the body.

Source with the paperwork in hand

Licensed MD, DO, NP and PA practices can apply for wholesale access. Lot documentation is available for review, and applications are typically approved within 24 hours.

Apply for wholesale accessTalk to our team

For licensed medical professionals only. Exosome products are topical cosmetic products. hUCT-MSC products are individualized and not FDA-approved; use is clinician-directed, and patients should consult their primary care provider. Stem Nova Network does not provide dosing or procedural guidance. Products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Stem Nova Network is a DBA of D1D Enterprises, Inc.